A layout of masts and sails on a three-masted ship. Note that this picture uses the older spelling of mizen.

Definition

Noun

  • The aftermost mast (along with the sails and gear) on a two or three-masted ship.

Origin

15th century. Earlier spelling was mizen. From the Middle English word, mesan, and the Italian mazzane. Further back, the Late Latin medianus, meaning middle or mid-size. Originally from the Arabic word misan, meaning balance.

Comments

The aftermost mast isn’t always the mizzen. On brigs and two-masted schooners, it’s known as the main.

Regarding the Arabic term to balance, indeed, the mizzen also serves as a balancing sail and mast.

References

Kemp, P. (1994). The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea. Oxford University Press.

King, D., Hattendorf, J.B, & Estes, J.W. (1997). A Sea of Words: A Lexicon and Companion for Patrick O’Brian’s Seafaring Tales (2nd Ed.). Owl Books.

Rogers, J.G. (1985). Origins of Sea Terms. Mystic Seaport.